Part I Historical and developmental aspects of advanced practice nursing -- A brief history of advanced practice nursing in the United States -- Conceptualizations of advanced practice nursing -- A definition of advanced practice nursing -- Role development of the advanced practice nurse -- Evolving and innovative opportunities for advanced practice nursing -- International development of advanced practice nursing -- Part II Competencies of advanced practice nursing -- Direct clinical practice -- Guidance and coaching -- Consultation -- Evidence-based practice -- Leadership -- Collaboration -- Ethical decision making -- Part III Advanced practice roles: the operational definitions of advanced practice nursing -- The clinical nurse specialist -- The primary care nurse practitionner -- The acute care nurse practitioner -- The certified nurse-midwife -- The certified registered nurse anesthetist -- Part IV Critical elements in managing advanced practice nursing environments -- Business planning and reimbursement mechanisms -- Marketing and negotiations -- Understanding regulatory, legal and credentialing requirements -- Health policy issues in changing environments -- Integrative review of outcomes and performance improvement research on advanced practice nursing -- Using health care information technology to evaluate and improve performance and patient outcomes.